a cross-section of a circular battery shows that the top layer is the cathode (mno2 plus graphite) and the bottom layer is the anode (zn plus koh). the separator divides the layers. cutaway view of a miniature alkaline battery. part a what substance is oxidized as the battery discharges? express your answer as a chemical formula.

Answer:

43% oxygen, 20% silicon, 19% magnesium, 10% iron, 3% calcium, 3% aluminum, 0.42% chromium, 0.18% titanium and 0.12% manganese. Orbiting spacecraft have found traces of water on the lunar surface that may have originated from deep underground.

The mass of NH3 reaction yield, calculated as a percentage, is : 68.02 grams.

Given data :

mass of CaO = 112 g

mass of NH4Cl = 224 g

molar mass of CaO = 56.08 g/mol

molar mass of NH4Cl = 53.49 g/mol

molar mass of NH3 = 17.03 g/mol

1.

Balanced chemical reaction is given by :

CaO(s) + 2NH4Cl(s) = 2NH3(g) + H2O(g) + CaCl2(s)

2.

Calculation for moles of CaO :

moles = mass / molar mass

moles of Cao = 112g / 56.08g/mol

moles of CaO = 1.997moles

3.

Calculation for moles of NH4Cl :

moles = mass / molar mass

moles of NH4Cl = 224g / 53.49g/mol

moles of NH4Cl = 4.188 moles

4.

Identifying limiting reagent:

Reacting moles of Cao = 1.997 mol / 1 =  1.997 mol

Reacting moles of NH4Cl = 4.188 mol / 2 = 2.09 mol

So, moles of CaO are comparitively lesser than moles of NH4Cl.

Therefore, CaO is the limiting reagent.

5.
Calculation for the mass of NH3:

1 moles of Cao produces 2 moles of NH.3.

1.997 moles of CaO produces 3.994 moles of NH3.

mass = moles x molar mass

mass of NH3 = 3.997 mol * 17.03 g/mol

mass of NH3 = 68.02 g

= 68.0 g Approx.

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The correct reactant ratio for the reaction 2Fe + 3Cl2 → 2FeCl3 is 2 moles of iron (Fe) for every 3 moles of chlorine (Cl2).

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At 50C, the water molecules that evaporate from an open dish:

4. Return to the surface as frequently as others escape from the liquid

5. Have more kinetic energy per molecule than those remaining in the liquid

At 50°C, when water molecules evaporate from an open dish, the process involves several aspects related to the behavior of the molecules. First and foremost, the water molecules that evaporate have more kinetic energy per molecule than those remaining in the liquid. This is because the higher kinetic energy allows them to overcome the attractive forces between the molecules and escape into the vapor phase.

As these high-energy molecules leave the liquid, the average kinetic energy of the remaining water molecules decreases, causing the remaining water to become cooler, not warmer. The evaporation process acts as a cooling mechanism for the liquid.

It is also important to note that the water molecules that evaporate are not broken down into their constituent elements, oxygen and hydrogen. Instead, they remain as intact H2O molecules in the vapor phase.

Additionally, the process does not involve the formation of bubbles of vapor that rise through the liquid. This phenomenon is observed during boiling, which is distinct from evaporation.

Finally, the water molecules in the vapor phase return to the liquid surface as frequently as others escape from the liquid, maintaining a dynamic equilibrium between the two phases. This constant exchange of molecules ensures that the system stays in balance.

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Answer:

Liquid to Gas

Explanation:

The drink in the soda is a liquid and when you open the can, the CO2 leaves the container.

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If the heat capacity of the bomb calorimeter is 9.96 kj/°c, then the amount of heat released from combustion of 2 g of wood is 39.84 kJ.

To determine the amount of heat released from combustion of 2 g of wood, you need to use the formula

Q = C × ΔT Where:Q is the heat released or absorbed in joules (J)C is the heat capacity of the bomb calorimeter (given as 9.96 kJ/°C)ΔT is the change in temperature in degrees Celsius (°C)We can assume that all the heat released from the combustion of the wood is absorbed by the calorimeter, so we can use the heat capacity of the calorimeter to calculate the heat released. Since the calorimeter absorbs the heat, the value of Q will be negative (i.e. the heat is released).

Given: Mass of wood = 2 g Heat capacity of the bomb calorimeter = 9.96 kJ/°C First, we need to calculate the change in temperature. This can be done by measuring the temperature of the calorimeter before and after combustion. Let's assume that the temperature increases by 4.0 °C.ΔT = 4.0 °C Now, we can calculate the heat released: Q = C × ΔTQ = (9.96 kJ/°C) × (4.0 °C)Q = 39.84 kJ

Therefore, the amount of heat released from combustion of 2 g of wood is 39.84 kJ.

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Answer:

Dermal tissue of the stems and leaves is covered by a waxy cuticle that prevents evaporative water loss. Stomata are specialized pores that allow gas exchange through holes in the cuticle. Unlike the stem and leaves, the root epidermis is not covered by a waxy cuticle which would prevent absorption of water.

Explanation:

The [\(OH^-\)] of the resulting solution is C) [\(OH^-\)]=0.020M.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between HBr and KOH is:

\(HBr + KOH\) → \(KBr + H_2O\)

From the balanced equation, we can see that one mole of KOH reacts with one mole of HBr to produce one mole of water and one mole of KBr.

First, we need to determine the number of moles of HBr and KOH in the solution:

moles of HBr = (0.10 M) x (0.040 L) = 0.0040 moles

moles of KOH = (0.10 M) x (0.060 L) = 0.0060 moles

Since KOH and HBr react in a 1:1 ratio, the number of moles of HBr that react with KOH is 0.0040 moles.

This means that there are 0.0060 - 0.0040 = 0.0020 moles of KOH remaining after the reaction.

The total volume of the solution is 40 mL + 60 mL = 100 mL = 0.100 L.

The concentration of \(OH^-\) in the remaining KOH solution is:

[\(OH^-\)] = moles of KOH remaining / total volume of the solution

[\(OH^-\)] = 0.0020 moles / 0.100 L

[\(OH^-\)] = 0.020 M

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The molar ratios for given equations are 2:1, 1:1 and not possible respectively.

A molar ratio is a ratio that describes the proportional relationship between the amounts of two or more substances involved in a chemical reaction. Specifically, it is the ratio of the number of moles of one substance in a chemical reaction to the number of moles of another substance in the same reaction.

a) For the balanced chemical equation, the molar ratio of Cl2 to CCl4 is 2:1. This means that for every 2 moles of Cl2 used in the reaction, 1 mole of CCl4 is produced.

b) The molar ratio of C to CCl4 can be found from the balanced chemical equation by comparing the coefficients of C and CCl4. In this case, the ratio is 1:1, which means that 1 mole of C reacts with 1 mole of CCl4.

c) The given chemical equation does not contain the compound Ch₂​, so it is not possible to determine the molar ratio of CCL4 to Ch₂​ using this equation alone.

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Answer:

Boron has a larger radius and the protons in carbon exert more pull.

Explanation:

Remember than elements have greater radius as they are closer to the bottom left corner, so boron would have the larger radius here. Carbon has a smaller radius, which makes it easier for the protons in carbon to exert more pull.

Answer:Boron has a larger radius and the protons in carbon exert more pull.

Explanation:

Answer: Man Made Resources?

Explanation: Its when humans create their own things.

Trichloroacetic acid is the stronger acid because it has a larger dissociation constant (Ka) compared to acetic acid.

The dissociation constant (Ka) can be calculated from the pKa values using the equation:

Ka = 10^(-pKa)

For acetic acid:

pKa(acetic acid) = 4.76

Ka(acetic acid) = 10^(-4.76)

For trichloroacetic acid:

pKa(trichloroacetic acid) = 0.7

Ka(trichloroacetic acid) = 10^(-0.7)

Let's calculate the dissociation constants:

Ka(acetic acid) = 10^(-4.76) ≈ 1.74 × 10^(-5)

Ka(trichloroacetic acid) = 10^(-0.7) ≈ 0.20

Comparing the dissociation constants, we can see that Ka(trichloroacetic acid) ≈ 0.20 is greater than Ka(acetic acid) ≈ 1.74 × 10^(-5).

Therefore, trichloroacetic acid is the stronger acid because it has a larger dissociation constant (Ka) compared to acetic acid.

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Answer:

D.  One variable should change and the others should be kept the same

Explanation:

Variable in an experiment are defined as the things that changes. There are three variables in an experiment: dependent, independent, and controlled.

Independent variable is defined as the variable which is changed by researcher during an experiment and it influence the dependent variable to be changed. Controlled variables are required to be constant in an experiment and observe them carefully.

In an experiment, it is important to change only one variable that is independent variable because changing other variables can make the result confusing and if only one variable will be changed, it would be easy to observe changes in other variables.

Hence, the correct answer is "D.  One variable should change and the others should be kept the same".

Explanation:

please refer to the attached file

Answer:

B

Explanation:

So when you are calculating relative abundance you are actually calculating the atomic mass on the periodic table. So you are given the two isotopes of Carbon C-12 and C-13. Now you know that the atomic mass of C is 12.01 so you have to see that you have a lot more C-12 because the atomic mass is close to 12. Now you can calculate them out like this (0.99 x 12.0) +(.01 x 13.00)=12.01.

The 0.322335 number of atoms in a 27.5-gram gold ring compare to the number in a chromium ring of the same mass.

no of atoms = 27.5 /197 *N

no of atoms of copper = 27.5 /63.5 *N

ratio = 0.3223

N gold = no. of moles * 6.022*10^23  = (27.5/196.96 ) *6.022*10^23

N Copper = no. of moles * 6.022*10^23 = (27.5/63.54 ) *6.022*10^23

=> N gold/N copper =63.54/196.96  = 0.322

no. of moles of gold = 27.5/197

no. of moles of copper = 27.5/63.5

Now, no, of atoms = no. of moles * Avagadro's no.  

where Avagadros no. = 6.022*10^23

N(gold)=27.5/197 * Avagadros no.

N(copper) = 27.5/63.5 * avagadros no.

So, N(gold)/N(copper) = (27.5/197 * Avagadros no.)/(27.5/63.5 * avagadros no.)

= 63.5/197

= 0.322335

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Answer:

d

Explanation:

radition

Answer:

D Radiation

Explanation:

Answer:

some water trapped under the earth

Explanation:

The hydrosphere includes water that is on the surface of the planet, underground, and in the air.

Answer:

C and D

Explanation:

The hydrosphere consists of anything to do with water, so a large glacier and some water trapped in the earth are examples of parts of the hydrosphere.

Answer:

Stanley Classic Trigger Action travel Mug

Explanation:

The Stanley Classic Trigger Action travel mug offers heat retention for an impressive seven hours. It also keeps cold beverages chilled for 10 hours, and iced beverages icy for a whopping 30 hours.

Extra:

I hope this helped at all. If you need further assistance just comment down below saying I need more details and I'll help you further.

And please enjoy the rest of your day. :)

Note To Moderators:

Don't delete this answer because I want to help everyone that I can during school hours.

A mixture of gases contains 0.290 mol \(CH_4\) , 0.270 mol\(C_2H_6\), and 0.280 mol \(C_3H_8\). The total pressure is 1.45 atm. the partial pressures of the gases in the mixture are:

(a)\(CH_4\): 0.4205 atm

(b) \(C_2H_6\): 0.3915 atm

(C) \(C_3H_8\): 0.406 atm

To calculate the partial pressures of the gases in the given mixture, we can use Dalton’s law of partial pressures, which states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of non-reacting gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each gas.

Given that the total pressure is 1.45 atm, we need to calculate the partial pressures of each gas individually.

(a) \(CH_4\):

The mole fraction  can be calculated as follows:

Mole fraction of \(CH_4\) = (moles of \(CH_4\)) / (total moles)

                   = 0.290 mol / (0.290 mol + 0.270 mol + 0.280 mol)

                   = 0.290

The partial pressure of \(CH_4\) can then be calculated using the mole fraction:

Partial pressure of \(CH_4\) = Mole fraction of \(CH_4\) * Total pressure

                      = 0.290 * 1.45 atm

                      = 0.4205 atm

(b) \(C_2H_6\):

Following the same steps as above, we calculate the mole fraction of \(C_2H_6\) :

Mole fraction = 0.270 mol / (0.290 mol + 0.270 mol + 0.280 mol)

                    = 0.270

Partial pressure of \(C_2H_6\) = Mole fraction of \(C_2H_6\) * Total pressure

                       = 0.270 * 1.45 atm

                       = 0.3915 atm

(C) \(C_3H_8\):

Similarly, we calculate the mole fraction:

Mole fraction = 0.280 mol / (0.290 mol + 0.270 mol + 0.280 mol)

                     = 0.280

Partial pressure of \(C_3H_8\)  = Mole fraction of\(C_3H_8\) * Total pressure

                       = 0.280 * 1.45 atm

                       = 0.406 atm

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Answer:

Flavors and fragrances

Answer:

B- shield

Explanation:

C IS NOT CORRECT.

Edge 2022 ;)

Answer: B shield

Explanation:

The order of increasing atomic radius is F < O < S.

The atomic radius of an element refers to the size of its atom. It is defined as half the distance between the nuclei of two identical atoms that are bonded together. Going from right to left across a period, the atomic radius generally increases. Going from top to bottom down a group, the atomic radius increases.

Based on this information, we can rank the given atoms in order of increasing atomic radius:

F (Fluorine) - Fluorine has the smallest atomic radius due to its high electronegativity. It attracts electrons very strongly, resulting in a small atomic radius.

O (Oxygen) - Oxygen has a larger atomic radius than Fluorine because it has one more electron shell.

S (Sulfur) - Sulfur has the largest atomic radius among the three because it is further down the same group as Oxygen and has one additional electron shell.

Therefore, the order of increasing atomic radius is F < O < S.

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Answer:

biosphere

Explanation:

The carbon cycle is the biogeochemical cycle by which carbon is exchanged between the biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere of the Earth.

The biosphere refers to the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the earth or another planet occupied by living organisms.

Plants are responsible for taking in carbon in nature. When more trees are planted, carbon is absorbed by plants which is a component of the biosphere. Hence planting more trees means increasing the intake of carbon into the biosphere.

The statements which is true about the reactants from the given simulation above is: It involves the breaking of chemical bonds.

The correct answer choice is option c

For a chemical reaction to occur, the bond between the reacting substances breaks either by covalent or electrovalent bonding in order to form new substance.

So therefore, reactants usually break chemical bonds duringchemical reaction.

Complete question:

A chemical reaction causes the chemical compositions of substances to change. Reactants are substances that enter into a reaction, and products are substances produced by the reaction

Which of the following are the reactants for this simulation? Select all that apply

a. A chemical reaction results to formation of new bonds

b. A chemical reaction involves the formation of new substance.

c. It involves the breaking of chemical bonds

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Answer:

yes

Explanation:

every element is different. some elements have higher melting points and others have lower melting points.

Answer:

Cm2 Is not a unit of volume.

Explanation:

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Answer: The specific heat capacity of the unknown metal given is \(0.466 J/g^{o}C\).

Explanation:

Given: Mass = 225 g

Change in temperature = \(13^{o}C\)

Heat energy = 1363 J

The formula used to calculate specific heat is as follows.

\(q = m \times C \times \Delta T\)

where,

q = heat energy

m = mass of substance

C = specific heat

\(\Delta T\) = change in temperature

Substitute the values into above formula as follows.

\(q = m \times C \times \Delta T\\1363 J = 225 g \times C \times 13^{o}C\\C = \frac{1363 J}{225 g \times 13^{o}C}\\= 0.466 J/g^{o}C\)

Thus, we can conclude that the specific heat capacity of the unknown metal given is \(0.466 J/g^{o}C\).

The value of the coefficient of determination is 0.49.

The coefficient of determination, also known as R-squared (R²), measures the proportion of the total variation in the dependent variable (energy content) that can be explained by the independent variable (protein content). It provides a measure of how well the regression model fits the data.

The coefficient of determination is calculated by squaring the correlation coefficient (r), which represents the strength and direction of the linear relationship between the two variables.

In this case, the given information provides the correlation coefficient (r = 0.7), which indicates a moderate positive correlation between protein content and energy content.

To find the coefficient of determination, we square the correlation coefficient:

R² = r² = (0.7)² = 0.49

Therefore, the value of the coefficient of determination is 0.49.

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