4. Smog only forms in the presence of sunlight. This is because sunlight activates the nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere to create smog. Therefore, smog is more prevalent in areas with higher amounts of sunlight.
5. When sunlight strikes an object and the light is seen in all directions, the light is said to be diffused. This is because the rays of light have been scattered and are seen from many different angles. Diffused light is often softer and less harsh than direct light.
6. Cloud seeding has been used in attempts to increase the diameter of the eyewall and thereby weaken hurricanes. Cloud seeding involves introducing substances into the atmosphere, such as silver iodide or dry ice, to encourage the formation of rain or snow.
7. The bending of light through an object is called refraction. Refraction occurs when light passes through a medium, such as air, water, or glass, and its speed changes. This causes the light to bend or change direction. Refraction is responsible for many optical illusions, such as mirages and rainbows, and is also used in the design of lenses for glasses and cameras.
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Nadia compares the weights, in grams, of some apples and oranges. she finds the
median and interquartile range of the weights.
1. which sample has a greater variability, or spread?
2. according to these measures, is it possible that the heaviest piece of fruit in the
two samples was an orange? explain why or why not.
The sample with a greater variability or spread is the one with a larger interquartile range.
Which sample, based on the measures of median and interquartile range, suggests the possibility of the heaviest fruit being an orange?The interquartile range measures the spread or variability of a dataset by considering the range between the first quartile (Q1) and the third quartile (Q3). A larger interquartile range indicates a greater spread in the data. Therefore, if one sample has a larger interquartile range than the other, it means that the weights of the fruits in that sample vary more widely.
Regarding the possibility of the heaviest fruit being an orange, it depends on the specific values within the dataset. The median represents the middle value of the dataset, and if the heaviest fruit is within the upper half of the data, it is possible that the heaviest fruit could be an orange. However, without knowing the exact values, it is not possible to determine this solely based on the measures of median and interquartile range.
To make a definitive conclusion about the heaviest fruit, the actual weights of the fruits in both samples would need to be compared. Additional information such as the mean, maximum value, or individual observations would provide a more accurate assessment.
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What is the efficiency of a device that takes in 600 J of thermal energy and does 300 J of work? Use . (1 point)
Explanation:
e = ?
work output = 300 J
work input = 600 J
\(efficiency \: = \frac{work \: output}{work \: input} \times 100\)
we multiply by 100 in order to get your efficiency in percentage
\(e = \frac{300}{600} \times 100\)
\(e = \frac{1}{2} \times 100\)
\(e = 50\%\)
I this helped pls give brainliest
For time t > 0, the position of an object moving in the xy-plane is given by the parametric equations x(t)=tcos (t/2) and y(t) = √t2+2t .What is the speed of the object at time t=1?
A)1.155 B)1.319 C)1.339 D)1.810
C)1.339 To find the speed of the object at time t=1, we need to calculate the magnitude of the velocity vector. By taking the derivative of the position equations with respect to time, we can obtain the velocity vector. Evaluating the velocity magnitude at t=1 gives us the speed, which is approximately 1.339.
To find the speed of the object at time t=1, we need to calculate the magnitude of the velocity vector. The velocity vector is obtained by taking the derivatives of the position equations x(t) and y(t) with respect to time.
Taking the derivative of x(t) = t*cos(t/2) yields dx/dt = cos(t/2) - (t/2)*sin(t/2).
Similarly, taking the derivative of y(t) = sqrt(t^2 + 2t) gives dy/dt = (t+1)/sqrt(t^2 + 2t).
Now, to find the speed at t=1, we substitute t=1 into the derivatives and calculate the magnitude of the resulting velocity vector.
By evaluating the magnitude of the velocity vector at t=1, we find that the speed of the object is approximately 1.339. Therefore, the correct answer is C) 1.339.
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A 30.0 cm x 60.0 cm rectangular circuit containing a 15.0Ω resistor is perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field that starts out at 2.70T and steadily decreases at 0.200T/s . (See the figure .)
a)While this field is changing, what does the ammeter read?
=____________________mA
The ammeter will read 2.4 mA while the magnetic field is changing.
we'll first find the electromotive force (EMF) induced in the rectangular circuit, and then use Ohm's Law to find the current in the circuit.
1. Calculate the area of the rectangular circuit: A = length × width = 30.0 cm × 60.0 cm = 0.3 m × 0.6 m = 0.18 m².
2. Determine the rate of change of the magnetic field: ΔB/Δt = -0.200 T/s (since the field is decreasing).
3. Apply Faraday's Law to find the induced EMF: EMF = -N * (ΔΦ/Δt) = -1 * (A * ΔB/Δt) (since there is only one loop in the circuit, N = 1).
4. Calculate the EMF: EMF = -(0.18 m² * -0.200 T/s) = 0.036 V.
5. Use Ohm's Law to find the current: I = EMF / R, where R is the resistor value.
6. Calculate the current: I = 0.036 V / 15.0 Ω = 0.0024 A.
7. Convert the current to milliamperes: I = 0.0024 A * 1000 mA/A = 2.4 mA.
The ammeter will read 2.4 mA while the magnetic field is changing.
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Calculate the kinetic energy of a 10 kg object moving with a speed of 5 m/s.
Answer: the kinetic energy is equal to 125 Joules, or (1/2 * 10 kg) * 5 m/s2.
Explanation:
if a an object with a mass of 10 kg (m = 10 kg) is moving at a velocity of 5 meters per second (v = 5 m/s), the kinetic energy is equal to 125 Joules, or (1/2 * 10 kg) * 5 m/s2.
Answer:
The Kinetic energy of a 10Kg object moving with a speed of 5m/s is 125 Joules
Explanation:
Kinetic energy refers to the energy of a moving object. The formula for kinetic energy is given by
KE=(1/2)\(mv^{2}\).......(i)
, where, m⇒mass of object
v⇒velocity
and the unit is given by Joules.
Now, as we are given in the question,
mass, m=10kg
velocity, v= 5m/s
Substituting these values in the equation (i), we get,
KE=(1/2)x(10Kg)x(5m/s)^2,
we have,
KE=125 J
Therefore, the kinetic energy of a 10 kg object moving with a speed of 5m/s is 125 Joules.
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Which characteristics of an area could best identify the type of biome it is
Answer: average annual rainfall, average annual temperatures, types of plants and animals native to the area
Explanation: the best way you can identify a biome is by telling which animal or species are native to the certain area
Hunger and thirst are examples of external stimulus true or false
Hunger and thirst are examples of external stimulus true or false
false External stimulus. The external stimulus includes touch and pain, vision, smell, taste, sound, and balance (equilibrium)
if a truck has 40,00kg*m/s of momentum and is moving with a velocity of 90m/s.what is the trucks mass?
Answer:
mass = 444.44 kg
Explanation:
To calculate the mass of the truck, we can use the formula for momentum:
Momentum (p) = mass (m) × velocity (v)
Given:
Momentum (p) = 40,000 kg·m/s
Velocity (v) = 90 m/s
We can rearrange the formula to solve for mass (m):
m = p / v
Substituting the given values:
m = 40,000 kg·m/s / 90 m/s
m ≈ 444.44 kg
Therefore, the mass of the truck is approximately 444.44 kg.
Which tool can be used to separate white light into different colors? *
mirror
camera
hammer
prism
Answer:
prisms
Explanation:
Answer:
a prism
Explanation:
hope thats helpful uwu
Can anyone answer this science question NO LINKS !!!!
at position one potential energy will be maximum
because PE = mgh and height will be maximum at position 1
please mark as brainliest, only 1 more brainliest is required to reach next level.
How will an electromagnet's strength change if the amount of current traveling through it increases? The electromagnetic field will become stronger. The electromagnetic field will become weaker. The electromagnetic field will reverse direction. The electromagnetic field will remain the same
The strength of an electromagnet is directly proportional to the amount of current that passes through it. When the amount of current traveling through an electromagnet is increased, the strength of the electromagnetic field will increase.
The correct answer is the electromagnetic field will become stronger.
An electromagnet is a type of magnet in which the magnetic field is generated by an electric current. The magnetic field is produced when an electric current flows through a conductor. The strength of an electromagnet is directly proportional to the amount of current that passes through it, as well as the number of turns in the coil of the magnet wire, and the strength of the core material. Electromagnets are used in a variety of applications, including electric motors, relays, MRI machines, and particle accelerators. By changing the amount of current that passes through the electromagnet, it is possible to control the strength of the magnetic field that it produces. This is an important feature of electromagnets, as it allows them to be used in a wide range of applications.
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A package is released from a helicopter flying horizontally at a constant velocity of 40m/s!. The package takes 3.06s to reach the ground. The effects of air resistance can be ignored.
The package will fall 45.14 meters before hitting the ground, and it will take 3.06 seconds to do so. The horizontal velocity of the helicopter does not affect the time it takes for the package to fall, only the horizontal distance it travels.
When the package is released from the helicopter, it will experience two types of motion: horizontal and vertical. The horizontal motion will be at a constant velocity of 40m/s, while the vertical motion will be due to the force of gravity pulling the package downwards.
Since the effects of air resistance can be ignored, we can assume that the only force acting on the package is gravity. Using the formula for vertical motion under constant acceleration, we can find the time it takes for the package to reach the ground.
d = 0.5 * g * t^2, where d is the distance traveled, g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s^2), and t is the time taken.
Rearranging this formula gives: t = sqrt(2d/g).
Substituting d = 0.5 * g * t^2 = 0.5 * 9.81 * (3.06)^2 = 45.14m, we get t = sqrt(2*45.14/9.81) = 3.06s, which is the time it takes for the package to reach the ground.
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\( \huge\mathcal\colorbox{red}{\color{pink}{クエスト}}\)
Explain,'The Theory of Relativity' briefly.
Answer:
The theory of Relativity state that :Special relativity applies to all physical phenomena in the absence of gravity and General relativity explains the law of gravitation and its relation to other forces of nature.
[ You're welcome,my past self!]
How would you expect earthworms to respond to any strong chemical odor? WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST IF RIGHT!!!
Answer:
Hypothesis #2 If an earthworm is exposed to a strong odor, then it will back away from the odor because it will think that the odor is a sign of danger. ... Second, you will test earthworms' response to dry conditions by providing both a dry surface and a moist surface for the earthworms to crawl on.
Answer:
if the earthworm smells the strong odor it will back away from it because it thinks it's a sign of danger.
charged particles a and b experience a static electric force of f. if the distance between the charged particles triples, then the static electric force becomes
If the distance between charged particles A and B triples, the static electric force between them will decrease by a factor of 1/9.
The static electric force between two charged particles is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Mathematically, the relationship can be expressed as: F ∝ 1/r^2
Where F is the static electric force and r is the distance between the charged particles.
When the distance triples (r' = 3r), we can calculate the ratio of the new force (F') to the original force (F) as:
F'/F = (1/r'²) / (1/r²) = (r^2) / (r'²) = (r²) / (3r)² = 1/9
Therefore, the static electric force between the charged particles A and B becomes 1/9 of its original value when the distance between them triples.
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The image below is a sketch of two-slit diffraction of light. Narrow slits at A and B act as wave sources, and waves interfering in various phases are shown at C, D, E, and F.
A sketch of two-slit diffraction of light. Narrow slits at A and B act as sources on the left, and waves interfering in various phases are shown at C, D, E, and F on the right.
The equation for the double-slit experiment for small angles is
Equation showing lambda divided by d equals x divided by L
In the image, which description below represents the d of the equation?
The distance between A and B
The distance between A and D
The distance between midpoints D, E, and F
The light bands between D and E and F
In the image, the distance between A and B represents the d of the equation.
What is the two-slit diffraction of light.?Diffraction occurs when waves, such as light or sound, spread out when they pass through a slit or around an object.
Light will spread out and overlap with light from the other slits as it travels through each of the slits.
The two-slit diffraction of light is seen in the figure below. Wave sources are represented by narrow slits at A and B, while waves interfering in various phases are displayed at C, D, E, and F.
A diagram illustrating light diffraction through two slits. On the left, narrow slits A and B operate as sources, while on the right, waves interfering in various phases are depicted at C, D, E, and F.
The given equation is;
\(\frac{\lambda}{d} =\frac{x}{L}\)
The equation represents the image form between A and B.
Hence in the image, the distance between A and B represents the d of the equation.
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When waves, like sound or light, spread out as they move through a slit or around an object, this is known as diffraction.
Thus, As light passes through each slit, it will disperse and blend with light from the other slits.
The illustration below shows how light is diffracted by two slits. Narrow slits at A and B depict the wave sources, while waves interacting in different phases are shown at C, D, E, and F.
a picture showing the diffraction of light via two slits. Narrow slits A and B act as sources on the left, and on the right, waves at C, D, E, and F are shown interacting in different phases.
Thus, When waves, like sound or light, spread out as they move through a slit or around an object, this is known as diffraction.
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PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE HELP ME ASAP I NEED IN FIVE MINUTES!!!!!! I WILL MARK BRAINLYEST AND WILL GIVE 10 EXTRA POINTS!!!!!
How does knowing how the Earth is structured help you decide where you would like to live in terms of temperature?
Answer:
Much of our understanding of the basic structure and composition of Earth and the other planets in our solar system is not strenuously debated. We can infer a surprising amount of information from the size, mass and moment of inertia of the planets, all of which can be determined from routine astronomical observations. Measurements of surface chemical composition, either by direct sampling (as has been done on Earth, the moon, and Mars) or through spectroscopic observations, can be used to estimate elemental abundances and the degree of chemical differentiation that occurred as the planets condensed from the solar nebula. Remote observations of the gravitational field can be used to understand how a planet's mass is distributed, whereas the strength and shape of the magnetic field provides some constraint on the structure of a metallic core. The specifics of structure and composition, however, are much more debatable. And it is these details that tell us a much more extensive and ultimately more interesting story about the internal dynamics of the planets and their evolution. As a result, trying to determine them is frontier research in almost all fields of earth and planetary science.
Even on Earth, many of these details have to be inferred from remote observations. Because we cannot sample the deep Earth, we must deduce its composition either by looking at the clues hidden in igneous and metamorphic rocks, or by examining proxies for composition and structure such as the three-dimensional variation of the velocity of seismic waves produced by earthquakes and sampled by networks of seismometers on the surface. The late Francis Birch, the eminent Harvard geophysicist, and his colleagues and students worked out the basic methodology that brings these distinct observations together. Birch showed how the stiffness of rocks changes under the extreme conditions of pressure and temperature deep within planets, as well as with chemical composition. Because the speed of seismic waves depends on the stiffness of the medium through which they propagate, it is possible to calculate temperature and composition from maps of seismic velocity. Most current research is based on Birch's work and it has even been extended to the most extreme temperature and pressure conditions of Earth's core. For example, much of our understanding of the large- and small-scale convection patterns driving plate tectonics has come about by using Birch-type proxies for temperature and composition.
Explanation:
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A door is part way open (at 20° to its frame). Calculate the turning effect of a force of 10 N applied to open the door. The force is applied perpendicular to the frame. The width of the door is 0.5m. Please show the calculation , thank you :)
Answer:
2.35 Nm.............. .
Consider a velocity field where the x and y components of velocity are, respectively,
given by = x [x!+ y!]⁄ and = y [x!+ y!]⁄ , where is a constant. Obtain the
equations of the streamlines.
The streamlines equations are \(x^2 - y^2 = c_1\) and \(xy = c_2\), where \(c_1\) and \(c_2\) are constants.
The velocity field is given by,
\(V_x = x (x^2 + y^2)^-^1^/^2\)
\(V_y = y (x^2+ y^2)^-^1^/^2\)
Now, we know that the tangent to a streamline is always parallel to the velocity vector. Hence, for the streamline equations, we must have
\(dx/dy = V_x/V_y\)
Therefore,\((x/y) = V_x/V_y = x/y\)
⇒ \(x^2 - y^2 = c_1\)
or, \((x+y)(x-y) = c_1\)
Hence, the equation of the streamlines are given by \(x^2 - y^2 = c_1\)
Now, for the other streamline equation, let's differentiate both sides of \(V_x\)= constant along the streamline:
\(dx/ds = constant/y\)
And differentiate both sides of \(V_y\) = constant along the streamline:
\(dy/ds = constant/x\)
Multiplying both equations, we get
\(xdx/ds = ydy/ds\)
or,\(xdx = ydy\)
Integrating, we get
\(x^2/2 = y^2/2 + c_2\)
or,\(xy = c_2\)
Thus, the equations of the streamlines are \(x^2 - y^2 = c_1\) and \(xy = c_2\)
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PHYSICS PLEASE HELP
a. Draw a force diagram
b. The skier has a mass of 76.6 kg and the coefficient of kinetic friction between the skier and the snow is 0.15. The angle the hill makes to the horizontal is 38 degrees and the distance the skier glides down the hill is 40.5 m. Answer the following questions based on this information.
What is the magnitude of the normal force on the skier as they glide down the hill? Show your work.
c. What is the magnitude of the force of friction on the skier as they glide down the hill? Show your work.
d. What is the acceleration of the skier as they glide down the hill? Show your work.
e. What is the speed of the skier when they reach the end of the straight section of the hill? Show your work.
f. How many seconds does the skier take to reach the end of the straight section of the hill? Show your work.
Answer:
Explanation:
b )
Normal force R = mgcosθ
= 76.6 x 9.8 x cos 38
R = 591.5 N
c )
Force of friction
= μ R
μ is coefficient of friction .
= .15 x 591.5
= 88.73 N
d )
Net force
= mg sinθ - friction
= 76.6 x 9.8 x sin 38 - 88.73
= 462.16 - 88.73
= 373.43 N
Acceleration = 373.43 / 76.6
a = 4.87 m / s²
e )
v² = u² + 2 a s
s = 40.5 m
a = 4.87
u = 0
v² = 0 +2 x 4.87 x 40.5
= 394.5
v = 19.86 m /s
f )
v = u + a t
19.86 = 0 + 4.87 t
t = 4 .07 s
answer questions show work #3
3. Determine the value of ID and VDs for the DS following amplifier. 10 RD 10V 3KD Points 0.47μF 01 G= 0.47μF Hilt RG 1.5MO -1V N5486 VGSoff = -4V IDSS = 14mA
The given amplifier circuit is a common-source amplifier. The equivalent circuit diagram of the amplifier includes a MOSFET N5486 transistor. We can determine the drain current (ID) and drain-source voltage (VDS) using the following equations:
1. Voltage at the source terminal (VS) is calculated using Ohm's law: VS = IS x RS.2. The drain current (ID) can be calculated using the equation ID = IS (1 + GVin), where Vin is the input voltage, G is the voltage gain, and IS is the current flowing through RD.Let's calculate the values of ID and VDS:
Given:- IS = VDD / RD = 10V / 10Ω = 1A- Vin = -1V / (1.5 x 10^6Ω + 0.47μF) = -0.6666667μA (using voltage divider rule)- G = -RD / RS = -10Ω / 3kΩ = -0.003333 Calculating ID:ID = 1A (1 - 0.003333 x 0.6666667 x 10^6)≈ 0.997A = 997mACalculating VDS:VDS = VDD - IDRD= 10V - 997mA x 10Ω≈ 10V - 9.97V≈ 0.03VTherefore, the values of ID and VDS are approximately ID = 997mA and VDS ≈ 0.03V, respectively.
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The proportionality dependence of the current (i) through any conductor to the voltage (v) across it and its resistance (r) is true for all conductors regardless of temperature.
a. True
b. False
It is FALSE that the proportionality dependence of the current (i) through any conductor to the voltage (v) across it and its resistance (r) is true for all conductors regardless of temperature.
When the conductors have a higher temperature, the molecules in the conductor will be more crowded and the result is the resistance of the conductor will rise. Hence, the current flowing through the conductor will decrease in the same voltage.
In the lower temperature, the resistance of the conductor will decrease and lead to more current flowing through the conductor in the same voltage.
Thus, the conductor temperature has an effect on its resistance.
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what happens to the electron flow within a conductor if the emf or voltage source is removed?
If the voltage source or EMF is removed from a conductor, the electron flow within the conductor will eventually stop.
This is because the voltage source creates an electric field that causes the free electrons in the conductor to move, creating an electric current. When the voltage source is removed, the electric field disappears, and the free electrons in the conductor will no longer have a driving force to move them. As a result, the electrons will begin to lose energy and eventually come to a stop, leading to the cessation of the electric current.
It's worth noting that the time it takes for the electron flow to stop depends on various factors such as the resistance of the conductor, the capacitance of the circuit, and the amount of charge stored in any capacitors present in the circuit.
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If the world was not tilted, what would happen to the people living on Earth
Answer:
Image result for If the world was not tilted, what would happen to the people living on Earth
If the Earth weren't tilted on its axis, there would be no seasons. And humanity would suffer. When a Mars-size object collided with Earth 4.5 billion years ago, it knocked off a chunk that would become the moon. It also tilted Earth sideways a bit, so that our planet now orbits the sun on a slant
Explanation: i looked up the answer
Answer:
we would all maybe fall are sink in to the ground.
Explanation:
If the radius of curvature of a mirror is 15m and the distance of the object from the mirror is 10m. Find the distance of the image from the mirror and the magnification of the object in meter
Answer:
Data given.
focal length (f)=15m÷2=7.5m
Distance of the object(U)=10m
Image distance (v)=?
Magnification (M)=?
Solution:
From:
1/f=1/u+1/v
1/7.5=1/10+1/v=75
then v=75m
Magnification, M=u/v
=75/10=7.5
Then magnification=7.5
Answer:
v = 30 m and m = 3
Explanation:
Given that,
The radius of curvature of the mirror, R = 15 m
Focal length, f = 7.5 m
Object distance, u = -10 m
We need to find the image distance and the magnification of the object.
Using mirror's formula,
\(\dfrac{1}{v}-\dfrac{1}{u}=\dfrac{1}{f}\\\\\dfrac{1}{v}=\dfrac{1}{f}+\dfrac{1}{u}\\\\\dfrac{1}{v}=\dfrac{1}{(7.5)}+\dfrac{1}{(-10)}\\\\v=30\ m\)
The magnification of the object in mirror is given by :
\(m=\dfrac{-v}{u}\\\\m=\dfrac{-30}{-10}\\\\m=3\)
So, the distance of the image from the mirror and the magnification of the object are 30 m and 3 respectively.
Question 3 Advanced Signal Integrity (20pts) - Sketch and describe the "lonely pulse" waveform - Describe a solution to this particular problem and sketch the resulting waveform - Sketch a simple way it can be implemented for a differential signaling system like the one discussed in class
Waveform shaping is a solution that involves adding a pre-distortion filter to the transmitter circuit. The resulting waveform is narrower and more accurate. For differential signaling systems, pre-emphasis and de-emphasis filters can be used.
The "lonely pulse" waveform is a signal integrity issue caused by reflections and interference in digital communication systems. The waveform appears as a single pulse that is wider and distorted compared to the original pulse.
To solve this problem, waveform shaping can be used, which involves adding a pre-distortion filter to the transmitter circuit. This filter modifies the pulse shape to compensate for the distortion during transmission, resulting in a more accurate pulse shape at the receiver. The resulting waveform is narrower, more accurate, and has reduced overshoot and undershoot.
For a differential signaling system, the technique can be implemented using pre-emphasis and de-emphasis filters at the transmitter and receiver, respectively. The implementation is simple and requires only passive components, such as resistors and capacitors. This technique compensates for frequency-dependent attenuation and distortion and results in a more accurate pulse shape at the receiver.
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Newtons second law of motion can be algebraically rearranged to solve for acceleration (a) producing?
A) a=F*m
B) a= F/m
C) a= m/F
D) a= 1/ F*m
Here we are required to determine how the Newtons second law of motion can be algebraically rearranged to solve for acceleration (a).
The correct answer is Choice B: a = F/m
Newton's second law of motion states that the force applied is directly proportional to the rate of change in momentum of the body.
i.e
F = (mv - mu)/tF = m (v - u)/twhere (v - u)/t = acceleration, (a)
Therefore, F = ma.
By rearranging; i.e solving for acceleration, (a);
we divide both sides by mass, m
we have;
a = F/m
The algebraic rearrangement to solve for acceleration, (a) is therefore;
a = F/m
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Trying to help my brother but i dont remember question 8. Pls help, thank you
Answer:
I can't read it if you zoom in its still blurry
Explanation:
read the question to me and I'll try to answer it thx
based on the definition of apparent brightness, which units are appropriate for its measurement?
The appropriate units for measuring apparent brightness are watts per square meter (W/m²) or a related unit such as ergs per second per square centimeter (erg/s/cm²).
Apparent brightness refers to the measure of the amount of light received from a celestial object as observed from Earth. It quantifies the intensity of light reaching a particular area or surface. The appropriate units for measuring apparent brightness are derived from the fundamental unit of power (watt) divided by the unit of area (square meter) to express the power per unit area.
In the International System of Units (SI), the unit of power is the watt (W), which represents the rate of energy transfer or work done per unit time. To measure the apparent brightness, the power of the light emitted or reflected by a celestial object is divided by the area over which it is spread, resulting in units of power per unit area (e.g., watts per square meter, W/m²).
An alternative unit commonly used in astronomy is the erg, a unit of energy, divided by the unit of time (second) and the unit of area (square centimeter). This yields a unit such as ergs per second per square centimeter (erg/s/cm²), which is also suitable for measuring apparent brightness.
Both units, W/m² and erg/s/cm², are appropriate for quantifying the apparent brightness of celestial objects, providing a measure of the amount of light reaching a specific area or surface.
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A passenger aeroplane accelerates from rest along a runway. It accelerates at a uniform rate for 3.5s. At this point it reaches a speed of 84 m/s and then takes off. Calculate the acceleration of the aeroplane along the runway.
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