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If the half-life of nickel-63 is 92 years, approximately how much time will be required to reduce a 1 kg sample to about 1 g? years
Answers
Approximately 276 years are required to reduce a 1 kg sample of nickel-63 to about 1 g, based on its half-life of 92 years. This calculation assumes exponential decay.
To calculate the time required to reduce a 1 kg sample of nickel-63 to about 1 g, we can use the concept of half-life.
The half-life of nickel-63 is 92 years, which means that after 92 years, half of the original amount of nickel-63 will remain.
To find the time required to reduce the sample to about 1 g, we can set up the following equation:
\(\begin{equation}1\ \text{kg} \times \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{\frac{n}{92}} = 1\ \text{g}\)
Where n is the number of half-lives.
Taking the logarithm of both sides, we have:
\(\begin{equation}\log\left(\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{\frac{n}{92}}\right) = \log\left(\frac{1\ \text{g}}{1\ \text{kg}}\right)\)
\(\begin{equation}\frac{n}{92} \log\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) = \log(0.001)\)
Simplifying, we get:
\(\begin{equation}\frac{n}{92} = \frac{\log(0.001)}{\log\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\)
\(\begin{equation}\frac{n}{92} = 3\)
Solving for n, we have:
n = 92 * 3
n = 276
Therefore, it would take approximately 276 years to reduce a 1 kg sample of nickel-63 to about 1 g.
Please note that this is an approximation and assumes the decay of nickel-63 follows a simple exponential decay model.
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Related Questions
write an equation that relates the average rate of the reaction to the rate of formation of products and consumption of reactants.
Answers
Average rate of formation of products = 1/n (Change in concentration /Time rate) = -Average rate of consumption of reactants.
What is Chemical reaction ?
There are chemical reactions taking place all around us. Nothing could be further from the reality, despite the fact that we occasionally link chemical processes with the sterile surroundings of the test tube and the lab. A staggering, nearly incomprehensible variety of new substances and energy changes actually result from the enormous number of alterations that occur in our environment every second of every day.
Chemical reactions happen whether or not you want them to in nature, where they can be considerably less controlled than in a lab. They can also be more messier. Whether it be a forest fire that is blazing.
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what are properties of ionic compounds? select all that apply. soft and malleable conduct electricity as solids crystal lattice structure high melting and boiling points
Answers
High melting points are properties of ionic compounds. An electrically neutral substance made up of positive and negative ions is known as an ionic compound.
A chemical molecule known as an ionic compound in chemistry is one that contains ions held together by the electrostatic forces known as ionic bonding. Despite having both positively and negatively charged ions, or cations and anions, the compound is generally neutral. These can be polyatomic species like the ammonium and carbonate ions in ammonium carbonate or straightforward ions like the sodium and chloride ions in sodium chloride. Since individual ions in an ionic compound typically have more than one closest neighbor, they are not thought of as belonging to molecules but rather as components of an ongoing three-dimensional network. When solid, ionic substances typically have crystalline structures.
Ionic substances have the qualities listed below:
1. They are brittle and crystalline crystals.
2. Both their melting and boiling temperatures are high.
3. Water can dissolve them.
4. Both in their molten and solution forms, they conduct electricity.
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After many years,which cross section would pay likely result
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Determine the mass of zirconium_______________, silicon__________________, and oxygen________________, found in 0.3384 mol of zircon, ZrSiO4, a semiprecious stone. Your answer must have the correct number of significant figures.Enter the number only, with no units.
Answers
1) Determine the mass of zirconium
Convert moles of zircon into moles of zirconium
\(\text{molesofZr}=0.3384molesofZrSiO_4\cdot\frac{1\text{molofZr}}{1molofZrSiO_4}=0.3384\text{molesofZr}\)Convert moles of zirconium into mass of zirconium (g)
\(\text{gramsofZr}=0.3384\text{molesZr}\cdot\frac{91.224\text{ g Zr}}{1\text{molofZr}}=30.87\text{ g Zr}\)2) Determine the mass of Silicon
Convert moles of zircon into moles of silicon
\(\text{molesofSi}=0.3384molesofZrSiO_4\cdot\frac{1\text{molofSi}}{1molofZrSiO_4}=0.3384\text{molesofSi}\)Convert moles of silicon into mass of silicon (g)
\(\text{gramsofSi}=0.3384\text{molesofSi}\cdot\frac{28.085\text{ g of Si}}{1\text{molofSi}}=9.504\text{ g Si}\)3) Determine the mass of Oxygen
Convert moles of zircon into moles of oxygen
\(\text{molesofO}=0.3384molesofZrSiO_4\cdot\frac{4\text{molofO}}{1molofZrSiO_4}=1.3536\text{molesofO}\)Convert moles of oxygen into mass of oxygen
\(\text{gramsofO}=1.3536\text{molesofO}\cdot\frac{15.999\text{ g O}}{1\text{mol of O}}=21.66gO\)The mass of zirconium is 30.87 g
The mass of silicon is 9.504 g
The mass of oxygen is 21.66 g
3. Sulfur
a) Orbital Notation:
OO 0000
DOC
b) Electron Configuration:
4. Iron (Fe)
a) Orbital Notation:
O O OOO OO OO ОО
b) Electron Configuration:
Answers
Explanation:
We are to write the orbital notation and electronic configuration of sulfur and iron.
The orbital notation shows the filling of electrons into orbitals or sublevels.
Electron configuration shows the distribution of electrons into shells;
Number of electrons Electron configuration Orbital notation
S 16 2 8 6 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴
Fe 26 2, 8, 14 2 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶3d⁶4s²
Consider the reaction Cu + AgNO3 Ag + CUNO3 Which element is reduced? Which element is the oxidizing agent?
Answers
Answer:
Ag is both reduced and the oxidizing agent.
Explanation:
Ag is the answer for both
Cu + AgNO₃ → Ag + CuNO₃
Cu is a reducing agent, and AgNO3 is an oxidizing agent.
What is an oxidizing and a reducing agent?Oxidizing agent:In a chemical process, an oxidizing agent, also known as an oxidant, obtains electrons and becomes reduced. The oxidizing agent often referred to as the electron acceptor, is typically in one of its higher oxidation states since it will receive electrons and be reduced.
Reducing agent:In a chemical process, a reducing agent, also known as a reductant, loses electrons and is oxidized. The electron donor is a reducing substance, which is normally in one of its lower oxidation states. A reducing substance undergoes oxidation because of the redox reaction's electron loss.
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rank the following alkyl halides in order of their increasing rate of reaction with triethylamine: iodoethane 1-bromopropane 2-bromopropane
Answers
The order of increasing reaction rate of alkyl halides with triethylamine is iodoethane, 1-bromopropane, and 2-bromopropane.
When the primary alkyl halide reacts with the triethylamine, it's faster than the secondary alkyl halide. Since triethylamine is a strong, bulky base that tends to perform nucleophilic substitution, it undergoes a reaction with both primary and secondary alkyl halides. When halides react with triethylamine, the bond between nitrogen and carbon is formed.
In this reaction, the rate of reaction will be slower with secondary alkyl halides due to steric hindrance. Iodoethane will be more reactive than 1-bromopropane because of the higher electronegativity of iodine which makes it more prone to nucleophilic substitution. Based on the above discussion, the order of increasing rate of reaction with triethylamine is 2-bromopropane < 1-bromopropane < iodoethane.
Therefore, iodoethane is the most reactive of the three alkyl halides, 1-bromopropane is more reactive than 2-bromopropane and 2-bromopropane is the least reactive.
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what causes the earth to have layers?
Answers
If 2.22g of NaCl was recovered after the reaction of 0.050L of hydrochloric acid and 0.033L of sodium hydroxide. What was the molarity of the base used in this experiment?
Answers
The molarity of the base used in the experiment, which was determined based on the recovered NaCl and the volumes of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide, was approximately 1.15 M.
To determine the molarity of the base used in the experiment, we need to use the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation and the given data.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is:
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
First, we need to find the number of moles of NaCl produced. We can do this by using the given mass of NaCl (2.22 g) and its molar mass (58.44 g/mol):
moles of NaCl = mass of NaCl / molar mass of NaCl
moles of NaCl = 2.22 g / 58.44 g/mol
moles of NaCl = 0.038 moles
Next, we can use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to determine the number of moles of NaOH that reacted. Since the mole ratio between NaCl and NaOH is 1:1, the number of moles of NaOH is also 0.038 moles.
Now, we can calculate the molarity of the base (sodium hydroxide) using the given volume of sodium hydroxide solution (0.033 L):
Molarity of NaOH = moles of NaOH / volume of NaOH solution
Molarity of NaOH = 0.038 moles / 0.033 L
Molarity of NaOH ≈ 1.15 M
Therefore, the molarity of the base used in the experiment is approximately 1.15 M.
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What is activated carbon? What is it used for, either in the lab or other application? Is activated carbon known by any other names? If so, what are they?
Answers
Activated carbon, also known as activated charcoal, is a crude layout of graphite, the substance utilized for pencil leads. It varies from graphite by having a random, imperfect structure that is favorably porous over a wide range of pore sizes.
The graphite structure provides the carbon its very extensive surface area which entitles the carbon to adsorb a wide scope of compounds. Activated carbon has the strongest physical adsorption forces or the spaced-out volume of adsorbing porosity, of any material known to mankind. Activated carbon is utilized to refine liquids and gases in a combination of applications, incorporating municipal drinking water, food and beverage processing, odor removal, and industrial pollution control.
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Definition of periodic trends
Answers
the water in a beaker has a volume of 50 millimeters, is this an extensive property?
Answers
No, the volume of water in a beaker is not an extensive property.
Extensive properties are those that depend on the amount or size of the substance being measured. In other words, they are properties that change with the quantity of the substance. Examples of extensive properties include mass, volume, and total energy.
In the given scenario, the volume of water in the beaker is 50 milliliters. This volume remains the same regardless of the quantity of water present. Whether it's 50 milliliters or 500 milliliters, the volume measurement does not change. Therefore, the volume of water in the beaker is an example of an intensive property.
Intensive properties are independent of the amount or size of the substance. They are characteristics that remain constant regardless of the quantity of the substance. Examples of intensive properties include temperature, density, and color.
It's important to note that the distinction between extensive and intensive properties depends on the specific property being considered. While volume is typically an extensive property for a bulk substance, in the case of a fixed volume of water in a beaker, it becomes an intensive property.
In summary, the volume of water in a beaker is not an extensive property but rather an intensive property because it does not change with the quantity of the substance.
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CaO + 2Na → Na₂O + Ca
How many grams of sodium oxide are produced if 4.35 grams of Na is used? Show all work
Answers
Answer:
5.859 grams
Explanation:
CaO + 2Na → Na₂O + Ca
From the above reaction, 2 moles of Na react with 1 mole of CaO to produce 1 mole of Na₂O and 1 mole of Ca
We have 4.35 g of Na, which is 0.189 mol of Na
As no additional information is given, we shall consider Na as the limiting reagent.
If 2 moles of Na are required to produce 1 mole of Na₂O
0.189 moles produces 0.189/2 = 0.0945 mol of Na₂O
Mass of Na₂O = Moles of Na₂O * Molar mass of Na₂O
= 0.0945 mol * 62 g/mol
= 5.859 g
Convert 5.42*1036 formula units of NaCl to moles of NaCl.
Answers
Answer:
1 grams 5.42*1036 is equal to 0.00017809058399464 mole.
Explanation:
This is assuming you mean 1036 not 10 to the power of 36.
how do i find the name of an element
Answers
Answer:
The periodic table will say it underneath the symbol.
Explanation:
I don't know how else to describe it but I hope this helps. :)
So 28 (NI) is nickle bc thats what is says on the bottom left
Which of the cells shown is a prokaryote?
A) muscle cell B) nerve cell C) bacterium D) red blood cell
Answers
what are plasmas properties?
Answers
Answer:Plasma is highest energy state of matter.It consists of electrons,protons and neutral particles.
Explanation:(1) Plasma has a very high electrical conductivity .
(2) The motion of electrons and ions in plasma produces it's own electric and magnetic field
(3)It is readily influenced by electric and magnetic fields .
(4)It produces it's on electromagnetic radiations.
Bones function as levers for the muscle to provide movement of the body. What refers to increasing the angle of the joint, thus moving two bones farther apart?
A) Abduction
B) Adduction
C) extension
D) flexion
Answers
Answer:
It would be B
Explanation:
As an electron moves from a high potential to a low potential, its electrical potential energy.
Answers
As an electron moves from a high potential to a low potential, its electrical potential energy increases.
Electric potential energy:
Electric potential energy is the energy that is needed to move a charge against an electric field. We need more energy to move a charge further in the electric field, but also more energy to move it through a stronger electric field.
The direction of electric fields is from the region of high potential to low potential and electrons or any negatively charged particle will move against the field or lower potential to a higher potential.
Therefore when an electron moves from higher to lower potential electrical potential energy increases.
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The complete question is:
As an electron moves from a high potential to a low potential, its electrical potential energy :
a) increases
b) decreases
c) remains constant
What is the speed of a bird that flies 25 meters in 25 minutes?
Answers
Answer:
1mpm(1 meters per minute) Explanation: Speed:Distance/time 25/25=1 plz mark as brainliest
Answer:
1mpm(1 meters per minute)
What is the∆S° of 0₂
Answers
Answer:0
Explanation: zero because it is the most stable form of oxygen in its standard state
if h2po−4 behaves as a base in water, what will result? select the correct answer below: hpo2−4 and oh− hpo2−4 and h3o h3po4 and oh− h3po4 and h3o
Answers
When H2PO4- behaves as a base in water, the correct result is H3PO4 and OH-.
If h2po−4 behaves as a base in water, it will accept a proton (H+) and form its conjugate acid, hpo2−4, and a hydroxide ion (OH−). This can be represented by the following equation:
H2PO4- + H2O ⇌ HPO42- + OH-
In this reaction, H2PO4- accepts a hydrogen ion (H+) from water, forming H3PO4 and leaving OH- as the product.
Therefore, the correct answer would be hpo2−4 and oh−.
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Which feature causes a gap in the geologic record?
extrusion
fault
o intrusion
erosion
Answers
Answer:
Hi, there the answer is
A)extrusion
Explanation:
The feature that causes a gap in the geologic record is called extrusion.
What is extrusion in geologic record?Sometimes magma can force itself through a crack or fault in the rock at the Earth's surface. It pours out over the Earth's surface in a volcanic eruption. This process is called extrusion. The rocks that form from extruded magma are called extrusive igneous rocks.
Direct Extrusion, Indirect Extrusion, Hydrostatic Extrusion and Lateral or Vertical Extrusion are some types of extrusion.
Lava that hardens on the surface is called an extrusion. The rock layers below an extrusion are always older than the extrusion. Beneath the surface, magma may push into bodies of rock. There, the magma cools and hardens into a mass of igneous rock called an intrusion.
Therefore, The feature that causes a gap in the geologic record is called extrusion.
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Of the following elements aluminum, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, and sodium which has the smallest atomic radius? Explain your answer.
Answers
Answer:
Sodium
Explanation:
Radius grows as you go down and to the right on the ptable.
True or False: The oxidation number for Cl2 is O.
Answers
Answer:
true
Explanation:
im smart
Answer:
true, oxidation number for Cl2 = 0
I need help on this question?
Answers
The Density of this log is 1.75g/cm3. If we cut this log in half, what is the density of the log? Make sure to show your work and explain your answer.
Answers
Answer:
The density remains the same
Explanation:
The density remains the same because cutting the object in half will divide the mass & volume by the same amount. The density cant be changed no matter what happens to it.
An old refrigerator is rated at 500 W how many kilowatt hours of electric energy what does refrigerator use in 30 days assume the refrigerator is running 12 hours per day
Answers
The refrigerator would use 180 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electric energy over the course of 30 days, assuming it runs for 12 hours each day.
To calculate the kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electric energy used by the refrigerator in 30 days, we need to multiply the power rating by the total running time.
Given:
Power rating of the refrigerator = 500 W
Running time per day = 12 hours
Number of days = 30
First, we need to convert the power rating from watts to kilowatts:
Power rating = 500 W / 1000 = 0.5 kW
Next, we calculate the total energy used in kilowatt-hours (kWh) over the 30-day period:
Energy used = Power rating × Running time × Number of days
Energy used = 0.5 kW × 12 hours/day × 30 days
Energy used = 180 kWh
Therefore, the refrigerator would use 180 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electric energy over the course of 30 days, assuming it runs for 12 hours each day.
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certain molecules are electron deficient, having fewer than electrons around the central atom, which nonetheless has a formal charge of zero. elements that commonly form electron deficient gaseous compounds are beryllium and .
Answers
Certain molecules, such as those containing beryllium or boron, can be electron deficient with fewer electrons surrounding the central atom than what would be expected based on its valence electrons.
This leads to a formal charge of zero on the central atom, despite the lack of electrons. This is because the electrons are shared between the atoms in the molecule, resulting in a stable arrangement. In these cases, the atoms are able to form covalent bonds with other atoms to make up for the lack of electrons, allowing the molecule to exist as a stable entity. These compounds are highly stable and have low boiling points, making them gaseous at room temperature.
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What term describes the application of water to farmland from
a source such as a lake or river?
Answers
The term that describes the application of water to farmland from a source such as a lake or river is "irrigation."
What is Irrigation?
Irrigation is the process of artificially supplying water to crops or plants to promote their growth and development. It involves the application of water to agricultural land using various techniques, such as sprinklers, drip systems, or flood irrigation. The primary purpose of irrigation is to supplement the natural rainfall that is insufficient or irregular in certain regions, allowing farmers to grow crops in areas that would otherwise be unsuitable for farming. Irrigation systems can be designed to deliver the required amount of water directly to the roots of plants, which can increase crop yields and improve the quality of the produce. However, overuse or mismanagement of irrigation can lead to waterlogging, soil salinization, and other environmental problems.
Irrigation is the artificial application of water to land for the purpose of agricultural production. It is a critical practice in areas where rainfall is insufficient or unreliable, as it provides a reliable source of water for crops to grow. Irrigation systems can vary widely depending on the type of crops being grown, the availability of water, and the topography of the land.
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