1. a solution containing 2 ml each of 4 m acetone and 1 m hcl is mixed with a solution containing 2 ml of 0.005 m i2 and 4 ml of water. the color of i2 disappeared after 5 minutes. what is the rate of the reaction assuming that i2 is the limiting reactant?
Answers
The answer to the question is that the rate of the reaction can be calculated using the formula:
rate = Δ[I2] / Δt
where Δ[I2] is the change in concentration of iodine over time (in this case, 5 minutes), and Δt is the time interval.
To calculate Δ[I2], we need to first determine the initial concentration of iodine. This can be done using the equation:
n = C x V
where n is the number of moles, C is the concentration in moles per liter, and V is the volume in liters.
For the solution containing iodine, we have:
n = 0.005 mol/L x 0.002 L = 0.00001 mol
Since the ratio of acetone to HCl is 4:1, we can assume that the concentration of HCl is also 4 M. This means that the number of moles of HCl in the solution is:
n = 4 mol/L x 0.002 L = 0.008 mol
Since HCl is in excess, we can assume that all of the iodine reacts with acetone. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
I2 + CH3COCH3 + H2O → CH3COCH2I + 2H+ + 2I-
This shows that 1 mole of iodine reacts with 1 mole of acetone. Therefore, the number of moles of iodine that react with the acetone is also 0.00001 mol.
After the reaction is complete, all of the iodine has been consumed, so the final concentration is 0 mol/L. Therefore, the change in concentration is:
Δ[I2] = 0 mol/L - 0.005 mol/L = -0.005 mol/L
Substituting this into the formula for the rate gives:
rate = (-0.005 mol/L) / (5 min) = -0.001 mol/L/min
The negative sign indicates that the concentration of iodine is decreasing over time, as expected for a reaction.
The rate of the reaction was calculated using the change in concentration of iodine over time. The initial concentration of iodine was determined from the volume and concentration of the solution. Since iodine is the limiting reactant, all of it is consumed in the reaction, and the change in concentration is equal to the initial concentration. The rate is expressed in units of mol/L/min.
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Related Questions
which ion would you expect to have the largest crystal field splitting δ? [fe(cl)6]3- [fe(nh3)6]2 [fe(cn)6]3- [fe(nh3)6]3 [fe(cn)6]4-
Answers
E).The largest crystal field splitting δ would be expected in [Fe(CN)6]4-. Crystal field splitting refers to the energy difference between the d orbitals in a transition metal complex caused by the presence of ligands.
The magnitude of δ depends on the nature and arrangement of the ligands around the metal ion. In [Fe(CN)6]4-, the cyanide ligands (CN-) are strong field ligands, meaning they cause a large splitting of the d orbitals. The cyanide ligands have a high negative charge and possess multiple lone pairs, allowing for strong coordination with the central metal ion.
On the other hand, [Fe(Cl)6]3-, [Fe(NH3)6]2+, and [Fe(NH3)6]3+ all have weaker field ligands. Chloride (Cl-) and ammonia (NH3) are both weak field ligands that result in a smaller splitting of the d orbitals.
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In terms of crystal field splitting (\(\delta\)), the magnitude of splitting is determined by the ligand field strength, which is influenced by the charge and size of the ligand. Generally, ligands with higher charge or smaller size result in larger crystal field splitting. The complex \([Fe(CN)_6]^{3-}\) is expected to have the largest crystal field splitting (\(\delta\)) among the given options.
Let's analyze each complex and identify the ion with the largest crystal field splitting:
1. \([Fe(Cl)_6]^{3-}\): In this complex, chloride ions (Cl-) act as ligands. Chloride is a weak-field ligand, meaning it has a low charge and larger size. As a result, the crystal field splitting is relatively small.
2. \([Fe(NH_3)_6]^{2+}\): Here, ammonia molecules (NH3) serve as ligands. Ammonia is also a weak-field ligand. Although it has a higher charge than chloride, it is larger in size. Thus, the crystal field splitting is still relatively small.
3. \([Fe(CN)_6]^{3-}\): Cyanide ions (CN-) act as ligands in this complex. Cyanide is a strong-field ligand with a higher charge and smaller size. The crystal field splitting is larger compared to the previous complexes.
4. \([Fe(NH_3)_6]^{3+}\): This complex also contains ammonia ligands. However, the charge on the iron ion is higher in this case, resulting in a stronger electrostatic interaction with the ligands. The crystal field splitting is larger compared to \([Fe(NH_3)_6]^{2+}\).
5. \([Fe(CN)_6]^{4-}\): This complex is similar to \([Fe(CN)_6]^{3-}\), but the charge on the iron ion is lower. As a result, the crystal field splitting is smaller than \([Fe(CN)_6]^{3-}\).
Therefore, based on the ligand field strengths and sizes, the complex \([Fe(CN)_6]^{3-}\) is expected to have the largest crystal field splitting (\(\delta\)) among the given options.
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a two-year chart of carbon dioxide measurements made from the top of mauna loa, hawaii, shows a saw tooth pattern. why?
Answers
The sawtooth pattern observed in the two-year chart of carbon dioxide measurements from Mauna Loa, Hawaii, is a result of seasonal variations and human activities.
Carbon dioxide levels increase during the winter months when plants are dormant and decrease during the summer months when they are actively photosynthesizing. Additionally, human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation contribute to the overall increase in carbon dioxide levels. The sawtooth pattern provides valuable data for scientists studying the impacts of climate change and global warming. It also serves as a reminder of the urgent need to reduce carbon emissions and adopt sustainable practices to mitigate the effects of climate change.
The sawtooth pattern observed in the two-year chart of carbon dioxide (CO2) measurements from Mauna Loa, Hawaii, is primarily due to seasonal fluctuations in plant growth and decay. During spring and summer, increased photosynthesis in the Northern Hemisphere absorbs CO2 from the atmosphere, causing a decrease in CO2 levels. Conversely, during fall and winter, reduced photosynthesis and increased plant decay release CO2 back into the atmosphere, resulting in a rise in CO2 levels. This cyclical pattern creates the sawtooth appearance on the chart, while the overall trend still shows a continuous increase in atmospheric CO2 levels due to human activities.
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_____energy tells us how fast the reaction willproceed.
Answers
Explanation
Kinetic energy is a modality of energy present in all moving bodies. According to the SI, its unit of measurement is the joule. Furthermore, this energy is a scalar quantity that has exclusively positive values.
Kinetic energy is proportional to the square of the body's velocity. Thus, if the speed of a body double, its kinetic energy will increase four times, if the speed of a body triple, then this increase will be nine times.
Answer
Kinect energy tells us how fast the reaction will proceed.
for the following battery: Cd(s)line CdCl2(aq)double line Cl^-(aq) line Cl2(l) line C(s)
A) Write the reduction half reaction occuring at the C(s) electrode . (Include physical states of reactants and products.)
C(s) electrode: please provide.
E^*=1.4 V
B) From which electrode will electrons flow from the battery into a circuit.
1. Cd(s) electrode
2.C(s) electrode
C) calculate the mass of Cl2 consumed if the battery delivers a constant current of 713 A for 30.0 min.
Answer must be in Kg.
Answers
A) The reduction half reaction occurring at the C(s) electrode is: C(s) + 2Cl^-(aq) -> Cl2(l) + 2e^-. B) Electrons will flow from the Cd(s) electrode into the circuit.
C) To calculate the mass of Cl2 consumed, we need to first calculate the total charge passed through the circuit using the formula:
charge = current x time
charge = 713 A x 30.0 min x 60 s/min
charge = 1,284,000 C
We can then use Faraday's constant to convert the charge to moles of electrons:
1 F = 96,485 C/mol
mol e^- = charge / (1 F)
mol e^- = 1,284,000 C / (1 F)
mol e^- = 13.31 mol
From the balanced half reaction, we know that 1 mole of electrons is needed to produce 1 mole of Cl2. Therefore, 13.31 mol of Cl2 is produced. We can convert this to mass using the molar mass of Cl2:
mass = moles x molar mass
mass = 13.31 mol x 70.906 g/mol
mass = 944.4 g = 0.9444 kg (to three significant figures).
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The graph below shows the changes in the temperature of ice when it is heated from -20 °C to 100 °C.
Heat curve for ice. The graph shows the changes in the temperature of ice when it is heated from negative 20 degrees Celsius to 100 degrees Celsius. The label for the x-axis reads 'Addition of heat over time.' The label for the y-axis reads 'Temperature (degrees Celsius).' There are labels on the graph (from 'A' to 'E') that designate significant events while applying heat to the ice. Portion AB has a slight incline while increasing the heat from negative 20 degrees to 5 degrees; portion BC stays at 5 degrees for a while; portion CD steadily increases in temperature from 5 degrees to 100 degrees over a significant period of time; portion DE stays at 100 degrees for a while.
Based on the graph, which of these conclusions is correct?
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
I did it on a quiz.
C5H12(g) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + H₂O(g)
Classify the reaction
Answers
The combustion reaction is the process by which a chemical substance or hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water while also releasing energy in the form of light and heat.
What is combustion reaction?When a chemical substance interacts with oxygen to create carbon dioxide and water, a combustion process occurs and energy is released. O2 must be one of the reactants in it.An illustration of a combustion reaction is the burning of wood or coal indoors during the winter.Another illustration of a combustion reaction is the generation of energy in thermal power plants and the burning of gasoline and diesel in automobiles.An illustration of a general combustion reaction is as follows:O2 + CnH2n = nCO2 + nH2OFor more information on combustion reaction kindly visit to
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If you have 1.00 mole of each reactant, which will be the limiting reactant?
Answers
The reactants are the one to the left side, so they are Cu and HNO₃.
Their coefficients are 3 and 8, so for each 3 Cu that reacts, we will need 8 HNO₃
The Limiting reactant is the one that we have less considering the proportions they will react.
Let's see the two possible cases.
If we have 1 mol of Cu, we need to divide it by its coefficient and multiply it by the coefficient of HNO₃:
HNO₃ --- Cu
8 --- 3
\(\begin{gathered} \frac{n_{HNO_3}}{8}=\frac{n_{Cu}}{3} \\ n_{HNO_3}=\frac{8n_{Cu}}{3}=\frac{8\cdot1}{3}mol=\frac{8}{3}mol=2.666\ldots mol \end{gathered}\)This means that we need about 2.7 mol of HNO₃ to react all the 1 mol of Cu we have.
Since we have 1 mol of HNO₃, we don't have enough.
If we make the other way around, we will get the following:
1 mol of HNO₃, so we need:
Cu --- HNO₃
3 --- 8
\(\begin{gathered} \frac{n_{Cu}}{3}=\frac{n_{HNO_3}}{8} \\ n_{Cu}=\frac{3n_{HNO_{3}}}{8}=\frac{3\cdot1}{8}mol=0.375mol \end{gathered}\)So, we would need 0.375 mol of Cu to react with all 1 mol of HNO₃ we have, and since we have 1 mol of Cu, this is enough.
So, we have two pos
An excerpt from a fantasy periodic table, including molar masses, is shown below. Using this information, what is the molecular formula for a substance with a molar mass of 1644.28 g/mol and an empirical formula of Bg2DGr3?
Bg8D4Gr12
Bg10D5Gr15
Bg4D2Gr6
Bg6D3Gr9
Answers
The molecular formula for the substance with a molar mass of 1644.28 g/mol and an empirical formula of Bg₂DGr₃ is Bg₁₀D₅Gr₁₅.
To determine the molecular formula, we need to calculate the molecular weight of the empirical formula, which can be done by adding up the molar masses of the atoms in the empirical formula.
The molar mass of Bg₂DGr₃ is:
(2 x 10.81 g/mol) + (3 x 2.01 g/mol) + (3 x 72.63 g/mol) = 328.50 g/mol
Next, we can divide the given molar mass by the empirical formula mass to get the ratio between the empirical formula and the molecular formula:
1644.28 g/mol ÷ 328.50 g/mol = 5
This tells us that the molecular formula contains 5 times as many atoms as the empirical formula. To find the molecular formula, we simply multiply the subscripts in the empirical formula by 5:
Bg₁₀D₅Gr₁₅
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what makes turquoise a mineral
Answers
Answer:
Its Chemical CompositionExplanation:
The thing that makes turquoise a mineral is its chemical composition.
Turquoise's chemical composition is CuAl 6 (PO 4) 4 (OH) 8 ·4H 2 O
Which makes turquoise a mineral and gemstone.
Which means blue minerals are very rare.
Hope this helps! <3
a rock which has a mass of 60 grams and a volume of 20ml whats the density
Answers
Answer:0.67
Explanation:
Using the phase diagram for CO2, what phase is carbon dioxide in at -60C and 15 atm pressure
Answers
According to the phase diagram for carbon dioxide, at a temperature of -60°C and a pressure of 15 atm, carbon dioxide would be in the solid phase.
This is because the point (-60°C, 15 atm) falls within the solid region of the phase diagram. At pressures above 5.2 atm, the solid phase of CO2 is known as dry ice, which is a common refrigerant and coolant due to its low temperature and ability to sublimate directly from a solid to a gas without melting.
At lower pressures and temperatures, such as at standard pressure and temperature (STP), carbon dioxide is a gas. The phase diagram for CO2 is an important tool for understanding the behavior of this compound in various physical and chemical processes, including in the Earth's atmosphere and in industrial processes such as carbon capture and storage.
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Consider a 1 mole solid of substance a in contact with another 1 mole solid of substance b. Initially both solids are pure. After a full annealing, only a homogeneous a-b solid solution exists in the final state. Assume no reaction happens. Calculate the entropy difference between the two states, using the boltzmann relation. 1.
Answers
According to Boltzmann reaction entropy difference between two states is given by ΔS and is equal to 5.76 .
According to Boltzmann Reaction:
S= kB lnW
Where,
W is number of Arrangements possible
Now ,
ΔS = S(final) - S(initial)
S(initial) = kBln1 (Since only one arrangement is possible)
= 0
Again,
S(final) = kBln2^n
Now,
As A-B can exist as A-B or B-A .
Hence, two arrangements are possible and since 1 mole of species .
Hence, 2^n
S(final) = N kB ln2
=R ln 2
= 8.314 ×2.303× log 2
Hence,
S(final) = 5.76
ΔS = 5.76 -0
=5.76
Thus, from the above conclusion we can say that, according to Boltzmann reaction entropy difference between two states is given by ΔS and is equal to 5.76 .
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Which statement below concerning molecular, complete ionic, and net ionic equations, is true?
A) Only spectator ions are seen in the net ionic equation.
B) Weak electrolytes are written as ions in complete ionic equations.
C) Net ionic equations only show the species that actually change during the reaction.
D) In molecular equations, strong electrolytes are shown as ions.
Answers
The correct statement is Net ionic equations only show the species that actually change during the reaction. (C)
This means that the net ionic equation only includes the ions or molecules that participate in the reaction, excluding any spectator ions that do not undergo any chemical change. The complete ionic equation, on the other hand, shows all the ions present in the reaction, including the spectator ions. (C)
Strong electrolytes are written as ions in both molecular and complete ionic equations, while weak electrolytes are only partially dissociated into ions in the complete ionic equation. Therefore, statement A and B are incorrect, and statement D is only partially correct.
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enough of a monoprotic acid is dissolved in water to produce a 1.16 m solution. the ph of the resulting solution is 2.73 . calculate the ka for the acid.
Answers
The acid dissociation constant (Ka) for the acid is calculated to be 2.9 × 10^-6 M if the pH of the resulting solution is 2.73
The acid dissociation constant (Ka) is used to differentiate between weak and strong acids and in this case, can be calculated as follows;
Considering the chemical reaction:
HA ⇄ H⁺ + A⁻
Here HA is the acid that disassociates into the conjugate base of the acid (A⁻) and a hydrogen ion represented as H⁺
As the molarity of monoprotic acid is 1.16 M and the pH of the solution is 2.73, therefore;
[A⁻] = [H⁺] = 10^(-2.73)
[A⁻] = [H⁺] = 0.00186 M; equilibrium concentration
[HA] = 1.16 M - 0.00186 M
[HA] = 1.15814 M
Ka = [A⁻][H⁺] / [HA]
Ka = (0.00186)² / 1.15814 M
Ka = 2.9 × 10^-6 M
Therefore the Ka for the acid is calculated to be 2.9 × 10^-6.
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Name the phase change:
Solid to liquid:
Liquid to gas:
Solid to gas:
Liquid to Solid:
Gas to liquid:
Gas to solid:
Answers
Answer:
solid to liquid = melting
liquid to gas = evaporation
solid to gas = sublimation
liquid to solid = freezing
gas to liquid = condensation
gas to solid = deposition
Explanation:
Answer: 1) melting
2) Evaporating
3) sublimation
4) Freezing
5) condensation
6) Deposition
Explanation:
are milliseconds or kilo seconds larger?
Answers
Answer:
kilo seconds
Explanation:
kilo prefix means it is large and . milli as small
lanthanides and actinides are kept separately in the periodic table. why?
Answers
describe how an ion is made
Answers
EXPLANATION- saw on the internet
i will mark brainlist In what layer are convection currents found?
Group of answer choices
Continental crust
Inner core
Asthenosphere
Oceanic crust
Answers
Answer:
Convention currents are found in the asthenosphere part present in the mantle of the Earth.
Explanation:
The Mantle is the middle layer of the earth surface extending up to 2900 kilometers.
Beneath the Mantle lies the core which contains molten rocks and materials called magma.
The materials are highly radioactive and immensely heated. These highly hot condition creates pressure on the middle layer (Mantle).
As a result, large convention currents are generated excessively
The substance hydrogen has the following propertles: A sample of hydrogen is initially at a pressure of 14.2 atm and a temperature of 35.1 K. The pressure on the sample is reduced to 0.0710 atm at a constant temperature of 35.1 K. Which of the following are true? (Select all that apply.) The sample is initially a liquid. The liquid initially present will solidify. The final state of the substance is a gas. The final state of the substance is a solid. One or more phase changes will occur.
Answers
The final state of the substance is a gas. One or more phase change will occur.
When the pressure on a sample of hydrogen is reduced from 14.2 atm to 0.0710 atm at a constant temperature of 35.1 K, the hydrogen undergoes a phase change. Hydrogen exists in different states depending on the pressure and temperature conditions. At high pressures and low temperatures, hydrogen can exist as a liquid or solid, but at low pressures and low temperatures, it exists as a gas.
In this case, the initial pressure of 14.2 atm is relatively high, suggesting that the hydrogen sample is not in a liquid or solid state. As the pressure is reduced to 0.0710 atm, the hydrogen transitions to a lower-pressure state. This reduction in pressure causes the hydrogen to undergo a phase change, transitioning from either a liquid or solid state to a gaseous state. Therefore, the final state of the substance is a gas.
Since a phase change occurs during this process, it is evident that one or more transitions between the states of matter will take place. The exact nature of the phase change (liquid to gas or solid to gas) depends on the initial state of the hydrogen. However, regardless of the initial state, the final state will always be a gas due to the significant reduction in pressure.
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why do airbags fill evenly with gas?
Answers
Answer:
The signal from the deceleration sensor ignites the gas-generator mixture by an electrical impulse, creating the high-temperature condition necessary for NaN3 to decompose. The nitrogen gas that is generated then fills the airbag. hope that helps love!
how many moles are in 425g of KNO3?
Answers
Answer:
The answer is 101.1032
Explanation:
Which phrase provides the best definition of mass movement?
the movement of material caused by erosion
the slow flow of a glacier as it moves through the valley of a mountain
the movement of large amounts of soil and rock debris down a slope
the fast movement of a boulder rolling down a slope
Answers
Answer:
the movement of large amounts of soil and rock debris down a slope
Explanation:
yeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeetyeet
which element has the electron configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6 7s2 5f7
Answers
Answer:
Lawrencium (Lr)
Explanation:
The element with the given electron configuration is Lawrencium (Lr), which has an atomic number of 103.
which of the following is an example of a solution?
a. fog
b. soda water
c. milk
d. mud
Answers
Answer:
B
Explanation:
a solution is a mixture of more than one solvent, in this case: soda water
Answer:
b soda water
Explanation:
because what the last guy said
300mL of 0.83mol/L acetic acid reacts with 12.0g of sodium carbonate at 21 C and 100.3kPa. What volume of dry carbon dioxide is released in this reaction? Water vapour pressure at this temperature is 2.49 kPa.
Answers
Answer:
The volume that carbon dioxide release is 2.83L
Explanation:
The reaction of acetic acid (CH₃COOH) with sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) is:
2 CH₃COOH + Na₂CO₃ →Na₂(CH₃COO)₂ + CO₂ + H₂O
Moles of acetic acid and sodium carbonate (Molar mass: 105.99g/mol) in the reaction are:
Acetic acid: 0.300L ₓ (0.83mol / L) = 0.249 moles.
Sodium carbonate: 12g ₓ (1mol / 105.99g) = 0.113 moles.
Based on the chemical equation, 2 moles of acetic acid reacts per moles of sodium carbonate. For a complete reaction of sodium carbonate you need:
0.113 moles Na₂CO₃ ₓ (2 moles CH₃COOH / 1 mole Na₂CO₃) = 0.226 moles of CH₃COOH
As you have 0.249 moles, Na₂CO₃ is limitng reactant.
As 1 mole of sodium carbonate produce 1 mole of CO₂, from 0.113 moles of Na₂CO₃ you obtain 0.113 moles of CO₂
Using PV = nRT, it is possible to find the volume that a gas occupies, thus:
V = nRT / P
n = 0.113 moles
R = 8.314 kPa×L/mol×K
T = 21°C + 273.15 = 294.15K
P = 100.3kPa - 2.49kPa = 97.81kPa
The vapor pressure is subtracted because is the pressure that water exerted.
Replacing:
V = 0.113mol×8.314 kPa×L/mol×K×294.15K / 97.81kPa
V = 2.83L
The volume that carbon dioxide release is 2.83LHelp please she need evidence!!!!!!???
Answers
Answer:
nah
Explanation:
dont wast my points
Question 1-6
What is the molality of a solution prepared by dissolving 13.0 g of Ba(NO3)2 in 450 g of water?
1. 0.029 molal
c. 0.11 molal
b. 29 molal
d. 1.1 x 10 4 molal
Answers
Answer:
Freezing point depression is a property of solutions where the solute lowers the normal freezing point of the solvent.
Potential chemical energy is stored in all bonds and can be released for use when bonds are broken.
Answers
A substance can store chemical energy as a type of electric potential that can be released by a chemical reaction.
What exactly is chemical energy?Embedded in chemical compound bonds is energy (molecules and atoms). In what is referred to as an exothermic reaction, it is released during the chemical reaction mostly and generates heat as a byproduct.
What best sums up chemical energy?Chemical energy refers to the conserved potential energy in a molecule's atomistic configuration. Energy is released during the formation of new chemical bonds, while energy is required to break existing chemical bonds. Bonds become more stable when more energy is released during the bonding process.
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Please help with sodium and fluorine
Answers
Answer:
Sorry I wish I could help u.. I think this picture is correct
Explanation:
